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Tests for bacterial vaginosis take samples of fluid from the vagina. The samples are looked at under a microscope to see if they show signs of infection. Bacterial vaginosis is caused by a change in the balance of bacteria in the vagina. Normally, there are a lot of "good" bacteria and some "bad" bacteria in the vagina. The good types help control the growth of the bad types.
But when you have bacterial vaginosis, there are not enough good bacteria and too many bad bacteria. Many women with bacterial vaginosis don't have symptoms. The most common symptom is an increase in vaginal discharge. The discharge often has a fishy smell.
Women who have this problem during pregnancy have a higher chance of miscarriage, early delivery, and an infection after delivery.So it's important for pregnant women with symptoms to be tested.
What are Test options?
Tests for bacterial vaginosis include:
Wet mount: A sample of vaginal discharge is checked for bacteria, white blood cells, and unusual cells called clue cells. If clue cells are present, it means you may have bacterial vaginosis.
Whiff test: A sample of discharge is checked to see if a strong fishy odor is created when a special solution is added. A fishy odor usually means you have bacterial vaginosis.
Vaginal pH: The pH of a sample of vaginal discharge is measured. Bacterial vaginosis often causes a pH that is higher than normal.
Oligonucleotide probe: A sample of vaginal discharge is tested for the genetic material, or DNA, of this bacteria. This test is not often used.
Why this test is performed?
Tests for bacterial vaginosis are done to help find the cause of symptoms such as abnormal vaginal discharge, irritation, or pain.
How to prepare for test?
Do not douche, have sex, or use vaginal medicines for 24 hours before this test. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns about the need for the test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results will mean.
How this test is performed?
You will take off your clothes below the waist. You'll have a gown to drape around your waist. You will then lie on your back on an examination table. Your feet will be raised and supported by stirrups. This is similar to having a pelvic examination or Pap test. Your doctor will insert a lubricated tool called a speculum into your vagina. The speculum gently spreads apart the vaginal walls. This allows your doctor to see the inside of the vagina and the cervix. Samples of fluid inside the vagina are then collected with a swab or wooden stick.
How it feels during test?
You may feel some discomfort when the speculum is put in, especially if your vagina is irritated and tender.
Are there any risks with this test?
There is little chance of having a problem from a bacterial vaginosis test.
How are test results interpreted?
Tests for bacterial vaginosis take samples of fluid from the vagina. The samples are looked at under a microscope to see if they contain signs of infection.
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